Description

An implementation of the CRT screen handling and optimization library.

Structures and such

Classes

Modules

Curses

The curses implementation

Curses::Key

Collection of constants for keypress events

Examples

  • hello.rb

    #!/usr/local/bin/ruby
    
    require "curses"
    include Curses
    
    def show_message(message)
      width = message.length + 6
      win = Window.new(5, width,
                   (lines - 5) / 2, (cols - width) / 2)
      win.box(?|, ?-)
      win.setpos(2, 3)
      win.addstr(message)
      win.refresh
      win.getch
      win.close
    end
    
    init_screen
    begin
      crmode
    #  show_message("Hit any key")
      setpos((lines - 5) / 2, (cols - 10) / 2)
      addstr("Hit any key")
      refresh
      getch
      show_message("Hello, World!")
      refresh
    ensure
      close_screen
    end
    
  • rain.rb

    #!/usr/local/bin/ruby
    # rain for a curses test
    
    require "curses"
    include Curses
    
    def onsig(sig)
      close_screen
      exit sig
    end
    
    def ranf
      rand(32767).to_f / 32767
    end
    
    # main #
    for i in %w[HUP INT QUIT TERM]
      if trap(i, "SIG_IGN") != 0 then  # 0 for SIG_IGN
        trap(i) {|sig| onsig(sig) }
      end
    end
    
    init_screen
    nl
    noecho
    srand
    
    xpos = {}
    ypos = {}
    r = lines - 4
    c = cols - 4
    for i in 0 .. 4
      xpos[i] = (c * ranf).to_i + 2
      ypos[i] = (r * ranf).to_i + 2
    end
    
    i = 0
    while TRUE
      x = (c * ranf).to_i + 2
      y = (r * ranf).to_i + 2
    
      setpos(y, x); addstr(".")
    
      setpos(ypos[i], xpos[i]); addstr("o")
    
      i = if i == 0 then 4 else i - 1 end
      setpos(ypos[i], xpos[i]); addstr("O")
    
      i = if i == 0 then 4 else i - 1 end
      setpos(ypos[i] - 1, xpos[i]);      addstr("-")
      setpos(ypos[i],     xpos[i] - 1); addstr("|.|")
      setpos(ypos[i] + 1, xpos[i]);      addstr("-")
    
      i = if i == 0 then 4 else i - 1 end
      setpos(ypos[i] - 2, xpos[i]);       addstr("-")
      setpos(ypos[i] - 1, xpos[i] - 1);  addstr("/ \\")
      setpos(ypos[i],     xpos[i] - 2); addstr("| O |")
      setpos(ypos[i] + 1, xpos[i] - 1); addstr("\\ /")
      setpos(ypos[i] + 2, xpos[i]);       addstr("-")
    
      i = if i == 0 then 4 else i - 1 end
      setpos(ypos[i] - 2, xpos[i]);       addstr(" ")
      setpos(ypos[i] - 1, xpos[i] - 1);  addstr("   ")
      setpos(ypos[i],     xpos[i] - 2); addstr("     ")
      setpos(ypos[i] + 1, xpos[i] - 1);  addstr("   ")
      setpos(ypos[i] + 2, xpos[i]);       addstr(" ")
    
      xpos[i] = x
      ypos[i] = y
      refresh
      sleep(0.5)
    end
    
    # end of main
    
Namespace
Methods
E
T
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
K
L
M
N
P
R
S
T
U
Constants
VERSION = version
 

Identifies curses library version.

  • “ncurses 5.9.20110404”

  • “PDCurses 3.4 - Public Domain 2008”

  • “curses (SVR4)” (System V curses)

  • “curses (unknown)” (The original BSD curses? NetBSD maybe.)

A_ATTRIBUTES = Character attribute mask
 

Bit-mask to extract attributes

See ::inch or Curses::Window#inch

A_NORMAL = Attribute mask
 

Normal display (no highlight)

See ::attrset

A_STANDOUT = Attribute mask
 

Best highlighting mode of the terminal.

See ::attrset

A_UNDERLINE = Attribute mask
 

Underlining

See ::attrset

A_REVERSE = Attribute mask
 

Reverse video

See ::attrset

A_BLINK = Attribute mask
 

Blinking

See ::attrset

A_DIM = Attribute mask
 

Half bright

See ::attrset

A_BOLD = Attribute mask
 

Extra bright or bold

See ::attrset

A_PROTECT = Attribute mask
 

Protected mode

See ::attrset

A_INVIS = Attribute mask
 

Invisible or blank mode

See ::attrset

A_ALTCHARSET = Attribute mask
 

Alternate character set

See ::attrset

A_CHARTEXT = Attribute mask
 

Bit-mask to extract a character

See ::attrset

A_HORIZONTAL = Attribute mask
 

horizontal highlight

Check system curs_attr(3x) for support

A_LEFT = Attribute mask
 

left highlight

Check system curs_attr(3x) for support

A_LOW = Attribute mask
 

low highlight

Check system curs_attr(3x) for support

A_RIGHT = Attribute mask
 

right highlight

Check system curs_attr(3x) for support

A_TOP = Attribute mask
 

top highlight

Check system curs_attr(3x) for support

A_VERTICAL = Attribute mask
 

vertical highlight

Check system curs_attr(3x) for support

A_COLOR = Character attribute mask
 

Bit-mask to extract color-pair field information

See ::inch or Curses::Window#inch

COLORS = UINT2NUM(COLORS)
 

Number of the colors available

COLOR_BLACK = UINT2NUM(COLOR_BLACK)
 

Value of the color black

COLOR_RED = UINT2NUM(COLOR_RED)
 

Value of the color red

COLOR_GREEN = UINT2NUM(COLOR_GREEN)
 

Value of the color green

COLOR_YELLOW = UINT2NUM(COLOR_YELLOW)
 

Value of the color yellow

COLOR_BLUE = UINT2NUM(COLOR_BLUE)
 

Value of the color blue

COLOR_MAGENTA = UINT2NUM(COLOR_MAGENTA)
 

Value of the color magenta

COLOR_CYAN = UINT2NUM(COLOR_CYAN)
 

Value of the color cyan

COLOR_WHITE = UINT2NUM(COLOR_WHITE)
 

Value of the color white

BUTTON1_PRESSED = Mouse event mask
 

mouse button 1 down

See ::getmouse

BUTTON1_RELEASED = Mouse event mask
 

mouse button 1 up

See ::getmouse

BUTTON1_CLICKED = Mouse event mask
 

mouse button 1 clicked

See ::getmouse

BUTTON1_DOUBLE_CLICKED = Mouse event mask
 

mouse button 1 double clicked

See ::getmouse

BUTTON1_TRIPLE_CLICKED = Mouse event mask
 

mouse button 1 triple clicked

See ::getmouse

BUTTON2_PRESSED = Mouse event mask
 

mouse button 2 down

See ::getmouse

BUTTON2_RELEASED = Mouse event mask
 

mouse button 2 up

See ::getmouse

BUTTON2_CLICKED = Mouse event mask
 

mouse button 2 clicked

See ::getmouse

BUTTON2_DOUBLE_CLICKED = Mouse event mask
 

mouse button 2 double clicked

See ::getmouse

BUTTON2_TRIPLE_CLICKED = Mouse event mask
 

mouse button 2 triple clicked

See ::getmouse

BUTTON3_PRESSED = Mouse event mask
 

mouse button 3 down

See ::getmouse

BUTTON3_RELEASED = Mouse event mask
 

mouse button 3 up

See ::getmouse

BUTTON3_CLICKED = Mouse event mask
 

mouse button 3 clicked

See ::getmouse

BUTTON3_DOUBLE_CLICKED = Mouse event mask
 

mouse button 3 double clicked

See ::getmouse

BUTTON3_TRIPLE_CLICKED = Mouse event mask
 

mouse button 3 triple clicked

See ::getmouse

BUTTON4_PRESSED = Mouse event mask
 

mouse button 4 down

See ::getmouse

BUTTON4_RELEASED = Mouse event mask
 

mouse button 4 up

See ::getmouse

BUTTON4_CLICKED = Mouse event mask
 

mouse button 4 clicked

See ::getmouse

BUTTON4_DOUBLE_CLICKED = Mouse event mask
 

mouse button 4 double clicked

See ::getmouse

BUTTON4_TRIPLE_CLICKED = Mouse event mask
 

mouse button 4 triple clicked

See ::getmouse

BUTTON_SHIFT = Mouse event mask
 

shift was down during button state change

See ::getmouse

BUTTON_CTRL = Mouse event mask
 

control was down during button state change

See ::getmouse

BUTTON_ALT = Mouse event mask
 

alt was down during button state change

See ::getmouse

ALL_MOUSE_EVENTS = Mouse event mask
 

report all button state changes

See ::getmouse

REPORT_MOUSE_POSITION = Mouse event mask
 

report mouse movement

See ::getmouse

KEY_MOUSE = UINT2NUM(KEY_MOUSE)
 

Mouse event read

KEY_MIN = UINT2NUM(KEY_MIN)
 

The minimum allowed curses key value.

KEY_BREAK = UINT2NUM(KEY_BREAK)
 

Break key

KEY_DOWN = UINT2NUM(KEY_DOWN)
 

the down arrow key

KEY_UP = UINT2NUM(KEY_UP)
 

the up arrow key

KEY_LEFT = UINT2NUM(KEY_LEFT)
 

the left arrow key

KEY_RIGHT = UINT2NUM(KEY_RIGHT)
 

the right arrow key

KEY_HOME = UINT2NUM(KEY_HOME)
 

Home key (upward+left arrow)

KEY_BACKSPACE = UINT2NUM(KEY_BACKSPACE)
 

Backspace

KEY_DL = UINT2NUM(KEY_DL)
 

Delete line

KEY_IL = UINT2NUM(KEY_IL)
 

Insert line

KEY_DC = UINT2NUM(KEY_DC)
 

Delete character

KEY_IC = UINT2NUM(KEY_IC)
 

Insert char or enter insert mode

KEY_EIC = UINT2NUM(KEY_EIC)
 

Enter insert char mode

KEY_CLEAR = UINT2NUM(KEY_CLEAR)
 

Clear Screen

KEY_EOS = UINT2NUM(KEY_EOS)
 

Clear to end of screen

KEY_EOL = UINT2NUM(KEY_EOL)
 

Clear to end of line

KEY_SF = UINT2NUM(KEY_SF)
 

Scroll 1 line forward

KEY_SR = UINT2NUM(KEY_SR)
 

Scroll 1 line backware (reverse)

KEY_NPAGE = UINT2NUM(KEY_NPAGE)
 

Next page

KEY_PPAGE = UINT2NUM(KEY_PPAGE)
 

Previous page

KEY_STAB = UINT2NUM(KEY_STAB)
 

Set tab

KEY_CTAB = UINT2NUM(KEY_CTAB)
 

Clear tab

KEY_CATAB = UINT2NUM(KEY_CATAB)
 

Clear all tabs

KEY_ENTER = UINT2NUM(KEY_ENTER)
 

Enter or send

KEY_SRESET = UINT2NUM(KEY_SRESET)
 

Soft (partial) reset

KEY_RESET = UINT2NUM(KEY_RESET)
 

Reset or hard reset

KEY_PRINT = UINT2NUM(KEY_PRINT)
 

Print or copy

KEY_LL = UINT2NUM(KEY_LL)
 

Home down or bottom (lower left)

KEY_A1 = UINT2NUM(KEY_A1)
 

Upper left of keypad

KEY_A3 = UINT2NUM(KEY_A3)
 

Upper right of keypad

KEY_B2 = UINT2NUM(KEY_B2)
 

Center of keypad

KEY_C1 = UINT2NUM(KEY_C1)
 

Lower left of keypad

KEY_C3 = UINT2NUM(KEY_C3)
 

Lower right of keypad

KEY_BTAB = UINT2NUM(KEY_BTAB)
 

Back tab key

KEY_BEG = UINT2NUM(KEY_BEG)
 

Beginning key

KEY_CANCEL = UINT2NUM(KEY_CANCEL)
 

Cancel key

KEY_CLOSE = UINT2NUM(KEY_CLOSE)
 

Close key

KEY_COMMAND = UINT2NUM(KEY_COMMAND)
 

Cmd (command) key

KEY_COPY = UINT2NUM(KEY_COPY)
 

Copy key

KEY_CREATE = UINT2NUM(KEY_CREATE)
 

Create key

KEY_END = UINT2NUM(KEY_END)
 

End key

KEY_EXIT = UINT2NUM(KEY_EXIT)
 

Exit key

KEY_FIND = UINT2NUM(KEY_FIND)
 

Find key

KEY_HELP = UINT2NUM(KEY_HELP)
 

Help key

KEY_MARK = UINT2NUM(KEY_MARK)
 

Mark key

KEY_MESSAGE = UINT2NUM(KEY_MESSAGE)
 

Message key

KEY_MOVE = UINT2NUM(KEY_MOVE)
 

Move key

KEY_NEXT = UINT2NUM(KEY_NEXT)
 

Next object key

KEY_OPEN = UINT2NUM(KEY_OPEN)
 

Open key

KEY_OPTIONS = UINT2NUM(KEY_OPTIONS)
 

Options key

KEY_PREVIOUS = UINT2NUM(KEY_PREVIOUS)
 

Previous object key

KEY_REDO = UINT2NUM(KEY_REDO)
 

Redo key

KEY_REFERENCE = UINT2NUM(KEY_REFERENCE)
 

Reference key

KEY_REFRESH = UINT2NUM(KEY_REFRESH)
 

Refresh key

KEY_REPLACE = UINT2NUM(KEY_REPLACE)
 

Replace key

KEY_RESTART = UINT2NUM(KEY_RESTART)
 

Restart key

KEY_RESUME = UINT2NUM(KEY_RESUME)
 

Resume key

KEY_SAVE = UINT2NUM(KEY_SAVE)
 

Save key

KEY_SBEG = UINT2NUM(KEY_SBEG)
 

Shifted beginning key

KEY_SCANCEL = UINT2NUM(KEY_SCANCEL)
 

Shifted cancel key

KEY_SCOMMAND = UINT2NUM(KEY_SCOMMAND)
 

Shifted command key

KEY_SCOPY = UINT2NUM(KEY_SCOPY)
 

Shifted copy key

KEY_SCREATE = UINT2NUM(KEY_SCREATE)
 

Shifted create key

KEY_SDC = UINT2NUM(KEY_SDC)
 

Shifted delete char key

KEY_SDL = UINT2NUM(KEY_SDL)
 

Shifted delete line key

KEY_SELECT = UINT2NUM(KEY_SELECT)
 

Select key

KEY_SEND = UINT2NUM(KEY_SEND)
 

Shifted end key

KEY_SEOL = UINT2NUM(KEY_SEOL)
 

Shifted clear line key

KEY_SEXIT = UINT2NUM(KEY_SEXIT)
 

Shifted exit key

KEY_SFIND = UINT2NUM(KEY_SFIND)
 

Shifted find key

KEY_SHELP = UINT2NUM(KEY_SHELP)
 

Shifted help key

KEY_SHOME = UINT2NUM(KEY_SHOME)
 

Shifted home key

KEY_SIC = UINT2NUM(KEY_SIC)
 

Shifted input key

KEY_SLEFT = UINT2NUM(KEY_SLEFT)
 

Shifted left arrow key

KEY_SMESSAGE = UINT2NUM(KEY_SMESSAGE)
 

Shifted message key

KEY_SMOVE = UINT2NUM(KEY_SMOVE)
 

Shifted move key

KEY_SNEXT = UINT2NUM(KEY_SNEXT)
 

Shifted next key

KEY_SOPTIONS = UINT2NUM(KEY_SOPTIONS)
 

Shifted options key

KEY_SPREVIOUS = UINT2NUM(KEY_SPREVIOUS)
 

Shifted previous key

KEY_SPRINT = UINT2NUM(KEY_SPRINT)
 

Shifted print key

KEY_SREDO = UINT2NUM(KEY_SREDO)
 

Shifted redo key

KEY_SREPLACE = UINT2NUM(KEY_SREPLACE)
 

Shifted replace key

KEY_SRIGHT = UINT2NUM(KEY_SRIGHT)
 

Shifted right arrow key

KEY_SRSUME = UINT2NUM(KEY_SRSUME)
 

Shifted resume key

KEY_SSAVE = UINT2NUM(KEY_SSAVE)
 

Shifted save key

KEY_SSUSPEND = UINT2NUM(KEY_SSUSPEND)
 

Shifted suspend key

KEY_SUNDO = UINT2NUM(KEY_SUNDO)
 

Shifted undo key

KEY_SUSPEND = UINT2NUM(KEY_SUSPEND)
 

Suspend key

KEY_UNDO = UINT2NUM(KEY_UNDO)
 

Undo key

KEY_RESIZE = UINT2NUM(KEY_RESIZE)
 

Screen Resized

KEY_MAX = UINT2NUM(KEY_MAX)
 

The maximum allowed curses key value.

Class Public methods
ESCDELAY()

Returns the total time, in milliseconds, for which curses will await a character sequence, e.g., a function key

static VALUE
curses_escdelay_get(VALUE obj)
{
    return INT2NUM(ESCDELAY);
}
Curses.ESCDELAY=(value)

Sets the ::ESCDELAY to Integer value

static VALUE
curses_escdelay_set(VALUE obj, VALUE val)
{
    ESCDELAY = NUM2INT(val);
    return INT2NUM(ESCDELAY);
}
TABSIZE()

Returns the number of positions in a tab.

static VALUE
curses_tabsize_get(VALUE ojb)
{
    return INT2NUM(TABSIZE);
}
TABSIZE=(value)

Sets the ::TABSIZE to Integer value

static VALUE
curses_tabsize_set(VALUE obj, VALUE val)
{
    TABSIZE = NUM2INT(val);
    return INT2NUM(TABSIZE);
}
addch(ch)

Add a character ch, with attributes, then advance the cursor.

see also the system manual for curs_addch(3)

static VALUE
curses_addch(VALUE obj, VALUE ch)
{
    curses_stdscr();
    addch(NUM2CH(ch));
    return Qnil;
}
addstr(str)

add a string of characters str, to the window and advance cursor

static VALUE
curses_addstr(VALUE obj, VALUE str)
{
    StringValue(str);
    str = rb_str_export_locale(str);
    curses_stdscr();
    if (!NIL_P(str)) {
        addstr(StringValueCStr(str));
    }
    return Qnil;
}
attroff(attrs)

Turns on the named attributes attrs without affecting any others.

See also Curses::Window#attrset for additional information.

static VALUE
curses_attroff(VALUE obj, VALUE attrs)
{
    curses_stdscr();
    return window_attroff(rb_stdscr,attrs);
    /* return INT2FIX(attroff(NUM2INT(attrs))); */
}
attron(attrs)

Turns off the named attributes attrs without turning any other attributes on or off.

See also Curses::Window#attrset for additional information.

static VALUE
curses_attron(VALUE obj, VALUE attrs)
{
    curses_stdscr();
    return window_attron(rb_stdscr,attrs);
    /* return INT2FIX(attroff(NUM2INT(attrs))); */
}
attrset(attrs)

Sets the current attributes of the given window to attrs.

see also Curses::Window#attrset

static VALUE
curses_attrset(VALUE obj, VALUE attrs)
{
    curses_stdscr();
    return window_attrset(rb_stdscr,attrs);
    /* return INT2FIX(attroff(NUM2INT(attrs))); */
}
beep()

Sounds an audible alarm on the terminal, if possible; otherwise it flashes the screen (visual bell).

see also ::flash

static VALUE
curses_beep(VALUE obj)
{
#ifdef HAVE_BEEP
    curses_stdscr();
    beep();
#endif
    return Qnil;
}
bkgd(ch)

Window background manipulation routines.

Set the background property of the current and then apply the character Integer ch setting to every character position in that window.

see also the system manual for curs_bkgd(3)

static VALUE
curses_bkgd(VALUE obj, VALUE ch)
{
#ifdef HAVE_BKGD
    curses_stdscr();
    return (bkgd(NUM2CH(ch)) == OK) ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
#else
    return Qfalse;
#endif
}
bkgdset(ch)

Manipulate the background of the named window with character Integer ch

The background becomes a property of the character and moves with the character through any scrolling and insert/delete line/character operations.

see also the system manual for curs_bkgd(3)

static VALUE
curses_bkgdset(VALUE obj, VALUE ch)
{
#ifdef HAVE_BKGDSET
    curses_stdscr();
    bkgdset(NUM2CH(ch));
#endif
    return Qnil;
}
can_change_color?()

Returns true or false depending on whether the terminal can change color attributes

static VALUE
curses_can_change_color(VALUE obj)
{
    curses_stdscr();
    return can_change_color() ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
}
cbreak()

Put the terminal into cbreak mode.

Normally, the tty driver buffers typed characters until a newline or carriage return is typed. The ::cbreak routine disables line buffering and erase/kill character-processing (interrupt and flow control characters are unaffected), making characters typed by the user immediately available to the program.

The ::nocbreak routine returns the terminal to normal (cooked) mode.

Initially the terminal may or may not be in cbreak mode, as the mode is inherited; therefore, a program should call ::cbreak or ::nocbreak explicitly. Most interactive programs using curses set the cbreak mode. Note that ::cbreak overrides ::raw.

see also ::raw

static VALUE
curses_cbreak(VALUE obj)
{
    curses_stdscr();
    cbreak();
    return Qnil;
}
clear()

Clears every position on the screen completely, so that a subsequent call by ::refresh for the screen/window will be repainted from scratch.

static VALUE
curses_clear(VALUE obj)
{
    curses_stdscr();
    wclear(stdscr);
    return Qnil;
}
close_screen()

A program should always call ::close_screen before exiting or escaping from curses mode temporarily. This routine restores tty modes, moves the cursor to the lower left-hand corner of the screen and resets the terminal into the proper non-visual mode.

Calling ::refresh or ::doupdate after a temporary escape causes the program to resume visual mode.

static VALUE
curses_close_screen(void)
{
    curses_stdscr();
#ifdef HAVE_ISENDWIN
    if (!isendwin())
#endif
        endwin();
    rb_stdscr = 0;
    return Qnil;
}
closed?()

Returns true if the window/screen has been closed, without any subsequent ::refresh calls, returns false otherwise.

static VALUE
curses_closed(void)
{
    curses_stdscr();
    if (isendwin()) {
        return Qtrue;
    }
    return Qfalse;
}
clrtoeol()

Clears to the end of line, that the cursor is currently on.

static VALUE
curses_clrtoeol(void)
{
    curses_stdscr();
    clrtoeol();
    return Qnil;
}
color_content(color)

Returns an 3 item Array of the RGB values in color

static VALUE
curses_color_content(VALUE obj, VALUE color)
{
    short r,g,b;

    curses_stdscr();
    color_content(NUM2INT(color),&r,&g,&b);
    return rb_ary_new3(3,INT2FIX(r),INT2FIX(g),INT2FIX(b));
}
color_pair(attrs)

Sets the color pair attributes to attrs.

This should be equivalent to ::attrset(COLOR_PAIR(attrs))

TODO: validate that equivalency

static VALUE
curses_color_pair(VALUE obj, VALUE attrs)
{
    return INT2FIX(COLOR_PAIR(NUM2INT(attrs)));
}
color_pairs()

Returns the COLOR_PAIRS available, if the curses library supports it.

static VALUE
curses_color_pairs(VALUE obj)
{
    return INT2FIX(COLOR_PAIRS);
}
colors()

returns COLORS

static VALUE
curses_colors(VALUE obj)
{
    return INT2FIX(COLORS);
}
cols()

Returns the number of columns on the screen

static VALUE
curses_cols(void)
{
    return INT2FIX(COLS);
}
crmode()

Put the terminal into cbreak mode.

Normally, the tty driver buffers typed characters until a newline or carriage return is typed. The ::cbreak routine disables line buffering and erase/kill character-processing (interrupt and flow control characters are unaffected), making characters typed by the user immediately available to the program.

The ::nocbreak routine returns the terminal to normal (cooked) mode.

Initially the terminal may or may not be in cbreak mode, as the mode is inherited; therefore, a program should call ::cbreak or ::nocbreak explicitly. Most interactive programs using curses set the cbreak mode. Note that ::cbreak overrides ::raw.

see also ::raw

static VALUE
curses_cbreak(VALUE obj)
{
    curses_stdscr();
    cbreak();
    return Qnil;
}
curs_set(visibility)

Sets Cursor Visibility. 0: invisible 1: visible 2: very visible

static VALUE
curses_curs_set(VALUE obj, VALUE visibility)
{
#ifdef HAVE_CURS_SET
    int n;
    curses_stdscr();
    return (n = curs_set(NUM2INT(visibility)) != ERR) ? INT2FIX(n) : Qnil;
#else
    return Qnil;
#endif
}
def_prog_mode()

Save the current terminal modes as the “program” state for use by the ::reset_prog_mode

This is done automatically by ::init_screen

static VALUE
curses_def_prog_mode(VALUE obj)
{
    curses_stdscr();
    return def_prog_mode() == OK ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
}
delch()

Delete the character under the cursor

static VALUE
curses_delch(VALUE obj)
{
    curses_stdscr();
    delch();
    return Qnil;
}
deleteln()

Delete the line under the cursor.

static VALUE
curses_deleteln(VALUE obj)
{
    curses_stdscr();
#if defined(HAVE_DELETELN) || defined(deleteln)
    deleteln();
#endif
    return Qnil;
}
doupdate()

Refreshes the windows and lines.

::doupdate allows multiple updates with more efficiency than ::refresh alone.

static VALUE
curses_doupdate(VALUE obj)
{
    curses_stdscr();
#ifdef HAVE_DOUPDATE
    doupdate();
#else
    refresh();
#endif
    return Qnil;
}
echo()

Enables characters typed by the user to be echoed by ::getch as they are typed.

static VALUE
curses_echo(VALUE obj)
{
    curses_stdscr();
    echo();
    return Qnil;
}
flash()

Flashs the screen, for visual alarm on the terminal, if possible; otherwise it sounds the alert.

see also ::beep

static VALUE
curses_flash(VALUE obj)
{
#ifdef HAVE_FLASH
    curses_stdscr();
    flash();
#endif
    return Qnil;
}
getch()

Read and returns a character from the window.

See Curses::Key to all the function KEY_* available

static VALUE
curses_getch(VALUE obj)
{
    int c;

    curses_stdscr();
    rb_thread_call_without_gvl(getch_func, &c, RUBY_UBF_IO, 0);
    if (c == EOF) return Qnil;
    if (rb_isprint(c)) {
        char ch = (char)c;

        return rb_locale_str_new(&ch, 1);
    }
    return UINT2NUM(c);
}
getmouse()

Returns coordinates of the mouse.

This will read and pop the mouse event data off the queue

See the BUTTON*, ALL_MOUSE_EVENTS and REPORT_MOUSE_POSITION constants, to examine the mask of the event

static VALUE
curses_getmouse(VALUE obj)
{
    struct mousedata *mdata;
    VALUE val;

    curses_stdscr();
    val = TypedData_Make_Struct(cMouseEvent,struct mousedata,
                                &mousedata_type,mdata);
    mdata->mevent = (MEVENT*)xmalloc(sizeof(MEVENT));
    return (getmouse(mdata->mevent) == OK) ? val : Qnil;
}
getstr()

This is equivalent to a series f Curses::Window#getch calls

static VALUE
curses_getstr(VALUE obj)
{
    char rtn[GETSTR_BUF_SIZE];

    curses_stdscr();
    rb_thread_call_without_gvl(getstr_func, rtn, RUBY_UBF_IO, 0);
    return rb_locale_str_new_cstr(rtn);
}
has_colors?()

Returns true or false depending on whether the terminal has color capbilities.

static VALUE
curses_has_colors(VALUE obj)
{
    curses_stdscr();
    return has_colors() ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
}
inch()

Returns the character at the current position.

static VALUE
curses_inch(VALUE obj)
{
    curses_stdscr();
    return CH2FIX(inch());
}
init_color(color, r, g, b)

Changes the definition of a color. It takes four arguments:

  • the number of the color to be changed, color

  • the amount of red, r

  • the amount of green, g

  • the amount of blue, b

The value of the first argument must be between 0 and COLORS. (See the section Colors for the default color index.) Each of the last three arguments must be a value between 0 and 1000. When ::init_color is used, all occurrences of that color on the screen immediately change to the new definition.

static VALUE
curses_init_color(VALUE obj, VALUE color, VALUE r, VALUE g, VALUE b)
{
    /* may have to raise exception on ERR */
    curses_stdscr();
    return (init_color(NUM2INT(color),NUM2INT(r),
                       NUM2INT(g),NUM2INT(b)) == OK) ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
}
init_pair(pair, f, b)

Changes the definition of a color-pair.

It takes three arguments: the number of the color-pair to be changed pair, the foreground color number f, and the background color number b.

If the color-pair was previously initialized, the screen is refreshed and all occurrences of that color-pair are changed to the new definition.

static VALUE
curses_init_pair(VALUE obj, VALUE pair, VALUE f, VALUE b)
{
    /* may have to raise exception on ERR */
    curses_stdscr();
    return (init_pair(NUM2INT(pair),NUM2INT(f),NUM2INT(b)) == OK) ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
}
init_screen()

Initialize a standard screen

see also ::stdscr

static VALUE
curses_init_screen(void)
{
    rb_secure(4);
    if (rb_stdscr) return rb_stdscr;
    initscr();
    if (stdscr == 0) {
        rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "can't initialize curses");
    }
    clear();
    rb_stdscr = prep_window(cWindow, stdscr);
    return rb_stdscr;
}
insch(ch)

Insert a character ch, before the cursor.

static VALUE
curses_insch(VALUE obj, VALUE ch)
{
    curses_stdscr();
    insch(NUM2CH(ch));
    return Qnil;
}
insertln()

Inserts a line above the cursor, and the bottom line is lost

static VALUE
curses_insertln(VALUE obj)
{
    curses_stdscr();
#if defined(HAVE_INSERTLN) || defined(insertln)
    insertln();
#endif
    return Qnil;
}
keyname(c)

Returns the character string corresponding to key c

static VALUE
curses_keyname(VALUE obj, VALUE c)
{
#ifdef HAVE_KEYNAME
    int cc = curses_char(c);
    const char *name;

    curses_stdscr();
    name = keyname(cc);
    if (name) {
        return rb_str_new_cstr(name);
    }
    else {
        return Qnil;
    }
#else
    return Qnil;
#endif
}
lines()

Returns the number of lines on the screen

static VALUE
curses_lines(void)
{
    return INT2FIX(LINES);
}
mouseinterval(interval)

The ::mouseinterval function sets the maximum time (in thousands of a second) that can elapse between press and release events for them to be recognized as a click.

Use ::mouseinterval to disable click resolution. This function returns the previous interval value.

Use ::mouseinterval to obtain the interval without altering it.

The default is one sixth of a second.

static VALUE
curses_mouseinterval(VALUE obj, VALUE interval)
{
    curses_stdscr();
    return mouseinterval(NUM2INT(interval)) ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
}
mousemask(mask)

Returns the mask of the reportable events

static VALUE
curses_mousemask(VALUE obj, VALUE mask)
{
    curses_stdscr();
    return INT2NUM(mousemask(NUM2UINT(mask),NULL));
}
nl()

Enable the underlying display device to translate the return key into newline on input, and whether it translates newline into return and line-feed on output (in either case, the call ::addch('n') does the equivalent of return and line feed on the virtual screen).

Initially, these translations do occur. If you disable them using ::nonl, curses will be able to make better use of the line-feed capability, resulting in faster cursor motion. Also, curses will then be able to detect the return key.

static VALUE
curses_nl(VALUE obj)
{
    curses_stdscr();
    nl();
    return Qnil;
}
nocbreak()

Put the terminal into normal mode (out of cbreak mode).

See ::cbreak for more detail.

static VALUE
curses_nocbreak(VALUE obj)
{
    curses_stdscr();
    nocbreak();
    return Qnil;
}
nocrmode()

Put the terminal into normal mode (out of cbreak mode).

See ::cbreak for more detail.

static VALUE
curses_nocbreak(VALUE obj)
{
    curses_stdscr();
    nocbreak();
    return Qnil;
}
noecho()

Disables characters typed by the user to be echoed by ::getch as they are typed.

static VALUE
curses_noecho(VALUE obj)
{
    curses_stdscr();
    noecho();
    return Qnil;
}
nonl()

Disable the underlying display device to translate the return key into newline on input

See ::nl for more detail

static VALUE
curses_nonl(VALUE obj)
{
    curses_stdscr();
    nonl();
    return Qnil;
}
noraw()

Put the terminal out of raw mode.

see ::raw for more detail

static VALUE
curses_noraw(VALUE obj)
{
    curses_stdscr();
    noraw();
    return Qnil;
}
pair_content(pair)

Returns a 2 item Array, with the foreground and background color, in pair

static VALUE
curses_pair_content(VALUE obj, VALUE pair)
{
    short f,b;

    curses_stdscr();
    pair_content(NUM2INT(pair),&f,&b);
    return rb_ary_new3(2,INT2FIX(f),INT2FIX(b));
}
pair_number(attrs)

Returns the Fixnum color pair number of attributes attrs.

static VALUE
curses_pair_number(VALUE obj, VALUE attrs)
{
    curses_stdscr();
    return INT2FIX(PAIR_NUMBER(NUM2LONG(attrs)));
}
raw()

Put the terminal into raw mode.

Raw mode is similar to ::cbreak mode, in that characters typed are immediately passed through to the user program.

The differences are that in raw mode, the interrupt, quit, suspend, and flow control characters are all passed through uninterpreted, instead of generating a signal. The behavior of the BREAK key depends on other bits in the tty driver that are not set by curses.

static VALUE
curses_raw(VALUE obj)
{
    curses_stdscr();
    raw();
    return Qnil;
}
refresh()

Refreshes the windows and lines.

static VALUE
curses_refresh(VALUE obj)
{
    curses_stdscr();
    refresh();
    return Qnil;
}
reset_prog_mode()

Reset the current terminal modes to the saved state by the ::def_prog_mode

This is done automatically by ::close_screen

static VALUE
curses_reset_prog_mode(VALUE obj)
{
    curses_stdscr();
    return reset_prog_mode() == OK ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
}
resizeterm(lines, cols)

Resize the current term to Fixnum lines and Fixnum cols

static VALUE
curses_resizeterm(VALUE obj, VALUE lin, VALUE col)
{
#if defined(HAVE_RESIZETERM)
    curses_stdscr();
    return (resizeterm(NUM2INT(lin),NUM2INT(col)) == OK) ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
#else
    return Qnil;
#endif
}
resizeterm(lines, cols)

Resize the current term to Fixnum lines and Fixnum cols

static VALUE
curses_resizeterm(VALUE obj, VALUE lin, VALUE col)
{
#if defined(HAVE_RESIZETERM)
    curses_stdscr();
    return (resizeterm(NUM2INT(lin),NUM2INT(col)) == OK) ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
#else
    return Qnil;
#endif
}
scrl(num)

Scrolls the current window Fixnum num lines. The current cursor position is not changed.

For positive num, it scrolls up.

For negative num, it scrolls down.

static VALUE
curses_scrl(VALUE obj, VALUE n)
{
    /* may have to raise exception on ERR */
#ifdef HAVE_SCRL
    curses_stdscr();
    return (scrl(NUM2INT(n)) == OK) ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
#else
    return Qfalse;
#endif
}
setpos(y, x)

A setter for the position of the cursor, using coordinates x and y

static VALUE
curses_setpos(VALUE obj, VALUE y, VALUE x)
{
    curses_stdscr();
    move(NUM2INT(y), NUM2INT(x));
    return Qnil;
}
setscrreg(top, bottom)

Set a software scrolling region in a window. top and bottom are lines numbers of the margin.

If this option and Curses.scrollok are enabled, an attempt to move off the bottom margin line causes all lines in the scrolling region to scroll one line in the direction of the first line. Only the text of the window is scrolled.

static VALUE
curses_setscrreg(VALUE obj, VALUE top, VALUE bottom)
{
    /* may have to raise exception on ERR */
#ifdef HAVE_SETSCRREG
    curses_stdscr();
    return (setscrreg(NUM2INT(top), NUM2INT(bottom)) == OK) ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
#else
    return Qfalse;
#endif
}
standend()

Enables the Normal display (no highlight)

This is equivalent to ::attron

see also Curses::Window#attrset for additional information.

static VALUE
curses_standend(VALUE obj)
{
    curses_stdscr();
    standend();
    return Qnil;
}
standout()

Enables the best highlighting mode of the terminal.

This is equivalent to Curses:Window.attron(A_STANDOUT)

see also Curses::Window#attrset additional information

static VALUE
curses_standout(VALUE obj)
{
    curses_stdscr();
    standout();
    return Qnil;
}
start_color()

Initializes the color attributes, for terminals that support it.

This must be called, in order to use color attributes. It is good practice to call it just after ::init_screen

static VALUE
curses_start_color(VALUE obj)
{
    /* may have to raise exception on ERR */
    curses_stdscr();
    return (start_color() == OK) ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
}
stdscr()

The Standard Screen.

Upon initializing curses, a default window called stdscr, which is the size of the terminal screen, is created.

Many curses functions use this window.

#define curses_stdscr curses_init_screen
timeout=(delay)

Sets block and non-blocking reads for the window.

  • If delay is negative, blocking read is used (i.e., waits indefinitely for input).

  • If delay is zero, then non-blocking read is used (i.e., read returns ERR if no input is waiting).

  • If delay is positive, then read blocks for delay milliseconds, and returns ERR if there is still no input.

static VALUE
curses_timeout(VALUE obj, VALUE delay)
{
    curses_stdscr();
    timeout(NUM2INT(delay));
    return Qnil;
}
ungetch(ch)

Places ch back onto the input queue to be returned by the next call to ::getch.

There is just one input queue for all windows.

static VALUE
curses_ungetch(VALUE obj, VALUE ch)
{
    int c = curses_char(ch);
    curses_stdscr();
    ungetch(c);
    return Qnil;
}
ungetmouse(p1)

It pushes a KEY_MOUSE event onto the input queue, and associates with that event the given state data and screen-relative character-cell coordinates.

The ::ungetmouse function behaves analogously to ::ungetch.

static VALUE
curses_ungetmouse(VALUE obj, VALUE mevent)
{
    struct mousedata *mdata;

    curses_stdscr();
    GetMOUSE(mevent,mdata);
    return (ungetmouse(mdata->mevent) == OK) ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
}
use_default_colors()

tells the curses library to use terminal's default colors.

see also the system manual for default_colors(3)

static VALUE
curses_use_default_colors(VALUE obj)
{
    curses_stdscr();
    use_default_colors();
    return Qnil;
}