The HTTPHeader module defines methods for reading and writing HTTP headers.
It is used as a mixin by other classes, to provide hash-like access to HTTP header values. Unlike raw hash access, HTTPHeader provides access via case-insensitive keys. It also provides methods for accessing commonly-used HTTP header values in more convenient formats.
- #
- A
- B
- C
- D
- E
- F
- G
- I
- K
- M
- P
- R
- S
- T
Returns the header field corresponding to the case-insensitive key. For example, a key of “Content-Type” might return “text/html”
Sets the header field corresponding to the case-insensitive key.
- Ruby 1.8.3
-
Adds a value to a named header field, instead of replacing its value. Second argument
val
must be a String. See also []=, [] and get_fields.request.add_field 'X-My-Header', 'a' p request['X-My-Header'] #=> "a" p request.get_fields('X-My-Header') #=> ["a"] request.add_field 'X-My-Header', 'b' p request['X-My-Header'] #=> "a, b" p request.get_fields('X-My-Header') #=> ["a", "b"] request.add_field 'X-My-Header', 'c' p request['X-My-Header'] #=> "a, b, c" p request.get_fields('X-My-Header') #=> ["a", "b", "c"]
Returns “true” if the “transfer-encoding” header is present and set to “chunked”. This is an HTTP/1.1 feature, allowing the the content to be sent in “chunks” without at the outset stating the entire content length.
Returns a Range object which represents the value of the Content-Range: header field. For a partial entity body, this indicates where this fragment fits inside the full entity body, as range of byte offsets.
Returns a content type string such as “text/html”. This method returns nil if Content-Type: header field does not exist.
Removes a header field, specified by case-insensitive key.
As for each_header, except the keys are provided in capitalized form.
Note that header names are capitalized systematically; capitalization may not match that used by the remote HTTP server in its response.
Iterates through the header names in the header, passing capitalized header names to the code block.
Note that header names are capitalized systematically; capitalization may not match that used by the remote HTTP server in its response.
Iterates through the header names and values, passing in the name and value to the code block supplied.
Example:
response.header.each_header {|key,value| puts "#{key} = #{value}" }
Iterates through the header names in the header, passing each header name to the code block.
Iterates through header values, passing each value to the code block.
Returns the header field corresponding to the case-insensitive key. Returns
the default value args
, or the result of the block, or raises
an IndexError if there's no header
field named key
See Hash#fetch
- Ruby 1.8.3
-
Returns an array of header field strings corresponding to the case-insensitive
key
. This method allows you to get duplicated header fields without any processing. See also [].p response.get_fields('Set-Cookie') #=> ["session=al98axx; expires=Fri, 31-Dec-1999 23:58:23", "query=rubyscript; expires=Fri, 31-Dec-1999 23:58:23"] p response['Set-Cookie'] #=> "session=al98axx; expires=Fri, 31-Dec-1999 23:58:23, query=rubyscript; expires=Fri, 31-Dec-1999 23:58:23"
# File lib/net/http/header.rb, line 12 def initialize_http_header(initheader) @header = {} return unless initheader initheader.each do |key, value| warn "net/http: warning: duplicated HTTP header: #{key}" if key?(key) and $VERBOSE @header[key.downcase] = [value.strip] end end
true if key
header exists.
Returns a content type string such as “text”. This method returns nil if Content-Type: header field does not exist.
Returns an Array of Range objects which
represent the Range: HTTP header field, or
nil
if there is no such header.
# File lib/net/http/header.rb, line 178 def range return nil unless @header['range'] value = self['Range'] # byte-range-set = *( "," OWS ) ( byte-range-spec / suffix-byte-range-spec ) # *( OWS "," [ OWS ( byte-range-spec / suffix-byte-range-spec ) ] ) # corrected collected ABNF # http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-19#section-5.4.1 # http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-19#appendix-C # http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-httpbis-p1-messaging-19#section-3.2.5 unless /\Abytes=((?:,[ \t]*)*(?:\d+-\d*|-\d+)(?:[ \t]*,(?:[ \t]*\d+-\d*|-\d+)?)*)\z/ =~ value raise Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, "invalid syntax for byte-ranges-specifier: '#{value}'" end byte_range_set = $1 result = byte_range_set.split(/,/).map {|spec| m = /(\d+)?\s*-\s*(\d+)?/i.match(spec) or raise Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, "invalid byte-range-spec: '#{spec}'" d1 = m[1].to_i d2 = m[2].to_i if m[1] and m[2] if d1 > d2 raise Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, "last-byte-pos MUST greater than or equal to first-byte-pos but '#{spec}'" end d1..d2 elsif m[1] d1..-1 elsif m[2] -d2..-1 else raise Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, 'range is not specified' end } # if result.empty? # byte-range-set must include at least one byte-range-spec or suffix-byte-range-spec # but above regexp already denies it. if result.size == 1 && result[0].begin == 0 && result[0].end == -1 raise Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, 'only one suffix-byte-range-spec with zero suffix-length' end result end
The length of the range represented in Content-Range: header.
Sets the content type in an HTTP header. The
type
should be a full HTTP content
type, e.g. “text/html”. The params
are an optional Hash of parameters to add after the content type,
e.g. {'charset' => 'iso-8859-1'}
Set a HTML form data set. params
is
the form data set; it is an Array of Arrays or a Hash +enctype is the type to encode the form data
set. It is application/x-www-form-urlencoded or multipart/form-data.
formpot
is an optional hash to specify the detail.
- boundary
-
the boundary of the multipart message
- charset
-
the charset of the message. All names and the values of non-file fields are encoded as the charset.
Each item of params is an array and contains following items:
name
-
the name of the field
value
-
the value of the field, it should be a String or a File
opt
-
an optional hash to specify additional information
Each item is a file field or a normal field. If value
is a File object or the opt
have a filename
key, the item is treated as a file field.
If Transfer-Encoding is set as chunked, this send the request in chunked encoding. Because chunked encoding is HTTP/1.1 feature, you must confirm the server to support HTTP/1.1 before sending it.
Example:
http.set_form([["q", "ruby"], ["lang", "en"]])
See also RFC 2388, RFC 2616, HTML 4.01, and HTML5
# File lib/net/http/header.rb, line 404 def set_form(params, enctype='application/x-www-form-urlencoded', formopt={}) @body_data = params @body = nil @body_stream = nil @form_option = formopt case enctype when /\Aapplication\/x-www-form-urlencoded\z/i, /\Amultipart\/form-data\z/i self.content_type = enctype else raise ArgumentError, "invalid enctype: #{enctype}" end end
Set header fields and a body from HTML form data.
params
should be an Array of Arrays or a Hash containing HTML form data. Optional argument
sep
means data record separator.
Values are URL encoded as necessary and the content-type is set to application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Example:
http.form_data = {"q" => "ruby", "lang" => "en"}
http.form_data = {"q" => ["ruby", "perl"], "lang" => "en"}
http.set_form_data({"q" => "ruby", "lang" => "en"}, ';')
Sets the HTTP Range: header. Accepts either a Range object as a single argument, or a beginning index and a length from that index. Example:
req.range = (0..1023)
req.set_range 0, 1023
# File lib/net/http/header.rb, line 228 def set_range(r, e = nil) unless r @header.delete 'range' return r end r = (r...r+e) if e case r when Numeric n = r.to_i rangestr = (n > 0 ? "0-#{n-1}" : "-#{-n}") when Range first = r.first last = r.last last -= 1 if r.exclude_end? if last == -1 rangestr = (first > 0 ? "#{first}-" : "-#{-first}") else raise Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, 'range.first is negative' if first < 0 raise Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, 'range.last is negative' if last < 0 raise Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, 'must be .first < .last' if first > last rangestr = "#{first}-#{last}" end else raise TypeError, 'Range/Integer is required' end @header['range'] = ["bytes=#{rangestr}"] r end
Returns a content type string such as “html”. This method returns nil if Content-Type: header field does not exist or sub-type is not given (e.g. “Content-Type: text”).
Returns a Hash consisting of header names and values. e.g. {“cache-control” => “private”,
"content-type" => "text/html",
"date" => "Wed, 22 Jun 2005 22:11:50 GMT"}
Any parameters specified for the content type, returned as a Hash. For example, a header of Content-Type: text/html; charset=EUC-JP would result in #type_params returning {'charset' => 'EUC-JP'}