This lesson teaches you to
You should also read
- Notifications API Guide
- Intents and Intent Filters
- Notifications Design Guide
Part of designing a notification is preserving the user's expected navigation experience. For a detailed discussion of this topic, see the Notifications API guide. There are two general situations:
- Regular activity
-
You're starting an
Activity
that's part of the application's normal workflow. - Special activity
-
The user only sees this
Activity
if it's started from a notification. In a sense, theActivity
extends the notification by providing information that would be hard to display in the notification itself.
Set Up a Regular Activity PendingIntent
To set up a PendingIntent
that starts a direct entry
Activity
, follow these steps:
-
Define your application's
Activity
hierarchy in the manifest. The final XML should look like this:<activity android:name=".MainActivity" android:label="@string/app_name" > <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> <activity android:name=".ResultActivity" android:parentActivityName=".MainActivity"> <meta-data android:name="android.support.PARENT_ACTIVITY" android:value=".MainActivity"/> </activity>
-
Create a back stack based on the
Intent
that starts theActivity
. For example:int id = 1; ... Intent resultIntent = new Intent(this, ResultActivity.class); TaskStackBuilder stackBuilder = TaskStackBuilder.create(this); // Adds the back stack stackBuilder.addParentStack(ResultActivity.class); // Adds the Intent to the top of the stack stackBuilder.addNextIntent(resultIntent); // Gets a PendingIntent containing the entire back stack PendingIntent resultPendingIntent = stackBuilder.getPendingIntent(0, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT); ... NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this); builder.setContentIntent(resultPendingIntent); NotificationManager mNotificationManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE); mNotificationManager.notify(id, builder.build());
Set Up a Special Activity PendingIntent
A special
Activity
doesn't need a back stack, so you don't have to define itsActivity
hierarchy in the manifest, and you don't have to calladdParentStack()
to build a back stack. Instead, use the manifest to set up theActivity
task options, and create thePendingIntent
by callinggetActivity()
:-
In your manifest, add the following attributes to the
<activity>
element for theActivity
:-
android:name="activityclass"
- The activity's fully-qualified class name.
-
android:taskAffinity=""
-
Combined with the
FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK
flag that you set in code, this ensures that thisActivity
doesn't go into the application's default task. Any existing tasks that have the application's default affinity are not affected. -
android:excludeFromRecents="true"
- Excludes the new task from Recents, so that the user can't accidentally navigate back to it.
This snippet shows the element:
<activity android:name=".ResultActivity" ... android:launchMode="singleTask" android:taskAffinity="" android:excludeFromRecents="true"> </activity> ...
-
-
Build and issue the notification:
-
Create an
Intent
that starts theActivity
. -
Set the
Activity
to start in a new, empty task by callingsetFlags()
with the flagsFLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK
andFLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TASK
. -
Set any other options you need for the
Intent
. -
Create a
PendingIntent
from theIntent
by callinggetActivity()
. You can then use thisPendingIntent
as the argument tosetContentIntent()
.
The following code snippet demonstrates the process:
// Instantiate a Builder object. NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this); // Creates an Intent for the Activity Intent notifyIntent = new Intent(new ComponentName(this, ResultActivity.class)); // Sets the Activity to start in a new, empty task notifyIntent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK | Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TASK); // Creates the PendingIntent PendingIntent notifyIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity( this, 0, notifyIntent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT ); // Puts the PendingIntent into the notification builder builder.setContentIntent(notifyIntent); // Notifications are issued by sending them to the // NotificationManager system service. NotificationManager mNotificationManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE); // Builds an anonymous Notification object from the builder, and // passes it to the NotificationManager mNotificationManager.notify(id, builder.build());
-
Create an
-
In your manifest, add the following attributes to the